Geothermal heating single-well heat exchange technology
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Description
Geothermal heating single-well heat exchange technology primarily extracts underground thermal energy for heating through closed or open circulation systems. The core principle is to utilize the constant temperature characteristics of underground soil/rock formations to complete heat transfer.
1. Closed circulation system (single-well U-tube heat exchange) system structure: A high-density polyethylene (HDPE) double U-tube is lowered into a single well, forming a closed loop of "downward tube → horizontal section → upward tube".
The tube is filled with water or antifreeze as the heat exchange medium, and is driven to flow by a circulating pump.
The well depth is usually 80-150 meters to reach the underground constant temperature layer (10-25℃).
Heat exchange principle: Heating in winter: The low-temperature medium absorbs heat from the rock and soil as it flows through the U-tube → the medium temperature rises → it is heated by the heat pump compressor (consuming electrical energy) → the heat is released to the indoor heating terminal.
Summer cooling: Reverse operation, transferring indoor heat to the underground for storage through a medium.
II. Open-loop system (single-well pumping and recharging heat exchanger) system structure: The single well combines both pumping and recharging functions, directly extracting underground hot water to the surface.
Separate geothermal water from building circulating water through plate heat exchangers (to avoid water pollution).
The heat-exchanged cold water is recharged to the aquifer through the same well or adjacent wells.
Heat exchange principle: Extract underground hot water to the heat exchanger → Transfer heat to the building heating system → Recharge the cooled cold water back into the formation.
It is necessary to ensure 100% recharge within the same layer to maintain the balance of groundwater level.
1. Closed circulation system (single-well U-tube heat exchange) system structure: A high-density polyethylene (HDPE) double U-tube is lowered into a single well, forming a closed loop of "downward tube → horizontal section → upward tube".
The tube is filled with water or antifreeze as the heat exchange medium, and is driven to flow by a circulating pump.
The well depth is usually 80-150 meters to reach the underground constant temperature layer (10-25℃).
Heat exchange principle: Heating in winter: The low-temperature medium absorbs heat from the rock and soil as it flows through the U-tube → the medium temperature rises → it is heated by the heat pump compressor (consuming electrical energy) → the heat is released to the indoor heating terminal.
Summer cooling: Reverse operation, transferring indoor heat to the underground for storage through a medium.
II. Open-loop system (single-well pumping and recharging heat exchanger) system structure: The single well combines both pumping and recharging functions, directly extracting underground hot water to the surface.
Separate geothermal water from building circulating water through plate heat exchangers (to avoid water pollution).
The heat-exchanged cold water is recharged to the aquifer through the same well or adjacent wells.
Heat exchange principle: Extract underground hot water to the heat exchanger → Transfer heat to the building heating system → Recharge the cooled cold water back into the formation.
It is necessary to ensure 100% recharge within the same layer to maintain the balance of groundwater level.